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Ohio Timeline of State History
Chronological History of Ohio
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- 13,000 - 7000 BC - Paleoindians were the hunting and gathering peoples who originally discovered the Americas. They lived in Ohio in the last centuries of the Ice Age. They hunted now extinct species of big game animals such as mammoth and mastodon. They also hunted deer and small game, fished, and gathered nuts and fruit when available. Their unusual spear points are found across North America.
- 8000 - 500 BC - Archaic hunters and gatherers continued the successful way of life of their Paleoindian ancestors, but moved about in a smaller area. They found new ways to harvest the rich natural bounty of Ohio's forests. Hunting and Gathering in Ohio's Forests. The Archaic tradition appeared at the end of the Ice Age. The climate had warmed and thick forests grew across Ohio.
- 800 BC - AD 1200 - The Woodland Tradition generally marks the appearance of pottery, cultivated plants, settled village life and mound building. In addition, the pace of cultural change began to quicken. Archaeologists have defined several cultures within the Woodland Tradition.
- 800 BC - AD 100 - The Adena people were Ohio's first farmers. Hunting and gathering continued to play an important part in their livelihood. The Adena began to live a more settled way of life based on growing plants such as sunflower, squash, and some weedy plants. Burial mounds became the ritual focus for Adena communities.
- 100 BC-AD 500 - The Hopewell culture grew out of the Adena culture. The mounds and enclosures built by the Hopewell were larger and more varied in design, but Hopewell farming villages still were small and scattered around the great ceremonial centers
- AD 1000 - 1650 - During the Late Prehistoric Tradition, several cultures arose in different parts of Ohio. Late Prehistoric people lived in large villages surrounded by a stockade wall. Sometimes they built their villages on a plateau overlooking a river. Late Prehistoric people grew different plants in their gardens. Maize (or corn) and beans became the most important foods. Squash was another important plant, but ancient Ohioans had been growing squash since the Late Archaic.
- AD 1650 - 1843 - The Iroquois drove out the native tribes of the Ohio valley during the Beaver Wars. Later, as the Iroquois tribes grew less powerful, other tribes from the east and south moved into Ohio. Shawnee, Delaware, Wyandot, and Miami are among the groups who lived in Ohio when the first European pioneers moved into this area. The Historic era ended when the United States government forced the Indians out of Ohio and onto reservations in Oklahoma.
- 1670 - René-Robert Cavelier explores and claims the Ohio region for France
- 1750 - The Ohio Company of Virginia claims the Ohio region for England
- 1763 - French surrender's claim to Ohio to Britain
- 1787 - Ohio becomes part of the Northwest Territory
- 1795 - Treaty of Greenville ends the Indian Wars in Ohio
- 1788 - April 7 - Marietta was Ohio's first permanent settlement. It was founded in 1788 by General Rufus Putnam and named in honor of Marie Antoinette, then queen of France
- 1800 - The Division Act creates the Indian Territory
- 1802 - Congress authorizes formation of a state government in Ohio.
- 1803 - March 1 - Ohio admitted to the Union as the 17th state. Chillicothe is named state capital.
- 1804 - Ohio University, founded in 1804 in Athens, was the first university in Ohio and the Northwest Territory.
- 1810 - Zanesville named state capitol.
- 1811 - Tecumseh defeated at the Battle of Tippecanoe.
- 1812 - Fort Meigs constructed to protect Ohio from invasion during the War of 1812
- 1813 - British defeat in the Battle of Lake Erie
- 1816 - Columbus named state capitol.
- 1817 - The first abolitionist newspaper, The Philanthropist, is published in Mt. Pleasant.
- 1825 -
- The National Road reaches St. Clairsville.
- Construction on the Miami and Erie canals begins.
- 1832 - Ohio and Erie canals are completed.
- 1833 - The nation's first interracial, coeducational college, Oberlin College, was founded in Oberlin in 1833.
- 1834 - The Ohio Anti-Slavery Society is founded in Zanesville.
- 1835 - Boundary disputes between Michigan and Ohio cause the Toledo War
- 1840 - William Henry Harrison, from North Bend, elected president.
- 1842 - The Wyandottes, Ohio's last Indian tribe, leave Ohio
- 1845 -
- The State Board of Agriculture is organized.
- The Miami and Erie Canal was completed
- 1849 - The first Ohio State Fair opens.
- 1850 -
- Ohio leads all states in corn, horses, sheep and wool production.
- The second U.S. Women's Rights Convention is held in Salem.
- 1851 - Current Ohio Constitution adopted.
- 1859 - John Brown, an abolitionist from Akron, leads raid on Harper's Ferry, VA.
- 1861-1865 - Civil War , Ohio fought for the Union but the state showed mixed feelings toward slavery.
- 1861 - Ohio Statehouse completed.
- 1863 - The Battle of Buffington Island becomes the only Civil War battle in Ohio.
- 1868 - Ulysses S. Grant, from Point Pleasant, is elected president.
- 1869 -
- Cincinnati Redstockings become the first fully professional baseball team.
- W. F. Semple of Mount Vernon patented chewing gum
- 1870 -
- Ohio State University is founded.
- Benjamin Goodrich opens a rubber plant in Akron
- 1873 - Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College opens.
- 1876 - Rutherford B. Hayes, from Delaware, is elected president.
- 1878 - James Ritty of Dayton developed the first cash register.
- 1879 - Cleveland became the world's first city to be lighted
electrically in 1879 when Charles Brush successfully demonstrated arc lights on the streets.
- 1880 - James Garfield, from Orange, is elected president.
- 1888 - Benjamin Harrison, from North Bend, is elected president.
- 1892 - Cedar Point opens its first roller coaster.
- 1896 - In Marietta, John Gilman first used x-rays in surgery.
- 1898 - Henry Timken of Canton developed the roller bearing.
- 1891 - John Lambert of Ohio City made America's first automobile.
- 1902 - Ohio flag adopted by Ohio Legislature.
- 1903 - The Wright Brothers, a pair of bicycle shop owners from Dayton, became the first in flight
- 1903 - Ohio celebrates centennial.
- 1908 - William Howard Taft, from Cincinnati, is elected president.
- 1911 - Charles Kettering of Loudonville invented the first automobile self-starter in 1911.
- 1913 - Spring floods kill 428 people.
- 1914 - The Ohio Conservancy Act permits formation of watershed districts.
- 1917 - U.S. enters World War I. About 6,800 Ohio soldiers will be killed.
- 1920 - Warren G. Harding, from Corsica, is elected president.
- 1921 - The Bing Act passes, requiring students to remain in school until graduation or age 18.
- 1923 - Garrett Morgan of Cleveland invented the first traffic light.
- 1925 - The dirigible Shenandoah crashes near Alva, killing 14 people.
- 1929 -
- Steel becomes Ohio's number one industry.
- Great Depression hit the nation
- 1934 - The first state sales tax is imposed at 3 percent.
- 1937 - The Ohio River floods, leaving 750,000 people homeless.
- 1938 - Roy J. Plunkett of New Carlisle invented Teflon.
- 1941 - U.S. enters World War II; about 20,000 Ohio servicemen will be killed.
- 1946 - The U.S. Air Force chooses Chuck Yeager, a pilot instructor at Wright Field, to test its first rocket aircraft, breaking the sound barrier in 1947.
- 1949 - The Ohio Department of Natural Resources is created by the Legislature.
- 1953 - Congress discovers it neglected to officially recognize Ohio's statehood and passes a formal resolution declaring Ohio's entry into the Union as March 1, 1803.
- 1955 - The Ohio Turnpike is completed.
- 1958 - "With God all Things are Possible" becomes the state motto.
- 1959 -
- The Ohio Civil Rights Commission is created to eliminate employment discrimination.
- St. Lawrence Seaway opened
- Terms of some state officials are increased from two to four years
- 1962 - John Glenn from New Concord was the first American to orbit the Earth in 1962.
- 1963 - Professional Football Hall of Fame opens in Canton.
- 1967 - Great Seal of Ohio is standardized.
- 1969 - July 20, Neil Armstrong of Wapakoneta became the first man to walk on the moon.
- 1970 - Four Kent State University students killed by National Guard gunfire during Vietnam War protests.
- 1971 - State income tax is adopted.
- 1973 - Ohio State Lottery approved by Ohio voters.
- 1974 - Xenia tornado kills 34 people.
- 1976 - Ohio's last commuter train is shut down
- 1977 - natural gas shortage occurred in severe weather conditions
- 1983 - Marysville Honda plant dedicated.
- 1986 - Astronaut Judith Resnick, of Akron, dies in the Challenger space shuttle explosion.
- 1990 - Ohioans struggle through the economic downturn of the 1980s; the 1990 Census reports a slow 0.5% population increase
- 1995 - Rock and Roll Hall of Fame opens in Cleveland.
- 1995 - The Bosnian Peace Agreement is signed at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base.
- 1998 - John Glenn at age 77, he became the oldest American to travel into space.
- 2001 - Ohio ranked in the top ten in the country for growing corn, oats, winter wheat, soybeans, sweet corn, tomatoes, cucumbers, grapes, strawberries; raising chickens, hogs and pigs; and producing maple syrup and many dairy products.
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