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Vermont State Flower: Red Clover
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State Flower
Flower by: Santalady
Red Clover
(Trifolium pratense)
Adopted on February 1, 1895.
No. 159 of the Acts of 1894, effective February 1, 1895, designated the Red Clover as the official State Flower. Both an integral part of many a cultivated hay field and a common sight along numerous Vermont roadsides, the Red Clover is symbolic of Vermont's scenic countryside generally and of its dairy farms in particular. Oddly enough, however, Trifolium pratense is not a native of Vermont but was "naturalized" from Europe.
From Office of the Secretary of State, Vermont Legislative Directory and State Manual, Biennial Session, 1993-1994, p. 15.
Longevity: Perennial (acts as Biennial)
Palatability: High
Winter Hardiness: Good
Drought Tolerance: Fair
Cool or Warm Season: Cool
Bloat Hazard: Yes
Use and Comments: Excellent pasture renovation crop, short-term hay crop.
Distribution in U.S.: Eastern half and Northwest.
Height: 12-36 inches.
Leaves: Palmately trifoliolate; leaflets not serrated; inverted V-shaped "water mark" usually present; large stipules; stems leaves and petioles pubescent.
Inflorescence: Heads consisting of up to 125 flowers; rose purple or deep purplish-red; heads nested in 2-3 leaves.
Roots: Taproot.
Soil
Drainage: Somewhat Poorly Drained
Fertility: Medium
pH: 6.2-6.8
Seed
Color: Pure yellow tp purple
Shape: Shortened mit
Pounds Per Bushel: 60
Seeds Per Pound: 275,000
Seeding Rate: 8-10 pounds PLS per acre.
Emergence Time (Days): 7
Optimum Germ. Temp. (F): 70
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| Kingdom |
Plantae -- Plants |
| Subkingdom |
Tracheobionta -- Vascular plants |
| Superdivision |
Spermatophyta – Seed plants |
| Division |
Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants |
| Class |
Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons |
| Subclass |
Rosidae – |
| Order |
Fabales – |
| Family |
Fabaceae – Pea family |
| Genus |
Trifolium L. – clover |
| Species |
Trifolium pratense L. – red clover |
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